Brain and Nerve Surgery

The department in hospitals or other healthcare institutions that provides medical intervention for vascular occlusions, injuries, and conditions such as herniated discs in the back and neck originating from the brain and spinal cord region, is called neurosurgery. Also known as "neurosurgery," this department carries out the diagnosis and treatment of nervous system diseases in individuals from childhood to adulthood.

Which Diseases Does Neurosurgery Treat?

The neurosurgery department deals with diseases in the nervous system, including the brain, and various disorders resulting from damage in this area. Neurosurgery services include treatment for tumors, vascular diseases, trauma to the brain and nervous system, and spinal diseases. Below is a detailed classification of the diseases treated by the neurosurgery department.

1. Brain Hemorrhages

A brain hemorrhage is a condition caused by the rupture of an arterial wall in the brain, leading to blood leakage into the brain tissue, causing damage to the tissue. Brain hemorrhages, which may occur as a result of accidents, injuries, or spontaneously, require urgent medical intervention. The treatment of brain hemorrhage cases, which generally require surgery, necessitates the involvement of the neurosurgery department in hospitals or other healthcare institutions.

2. Brain Tumors

A tumor is a mass that can appear in various parts of the body and may be benign or malignant. Malignant tumors are known as "cancer." Brain tumors may cause symptoms such as “nausea, vomiting, balance problems, memory loss, fainting, vision disturbances (double vision, etc.), numbness in the arms and legs," and these symptoms can negatively affect the quality of life. Individuals experiencing these complaints should consult the neurosurgery department.

3. Cerebrovascular Diseases

Cerebrovascular diseases include stroke, herniated discs in the back and neck, and Parkinson's disease. These diseases can cause issues such as paralysis, consciousness disorders, visual and speech disturbances, and balance problems in individuals. Therefore, individuals experiencing such symptoms should immediately contact the neurosurgery department. Below are other diseases categorized under cerebrovascular diseases, which are also within the scope of the neurosurgery department:

    Brain hemorrhage occurring in the meninges or brain tissue
    Arteriovenous Malformation
    Herniated Discs in the Neck and Back
    Spinal Cord Tumors
    Brain Tumors
    Carotid Stenosis
    Parkinson's Disease
    Stroke and paralysis caused by occlusion of the brain vessels

4. Spinal Disorders

Spinal diseases that may arise due to age or as a result of accidents, trauma, or injuries are also within the scope of neurosurgery. Joint and muscle pain, curvature, tumors, lesions, kyphosis, scoliosis, and infections in the spine are included in this group. Such diseases can lead to chronic pain and numbness and may negatively impact individuals' mobility.

5. Stroke

A stroke occurs when the blood flow to the brain is interrupted, leading to symptoms such as "weakness in the arms and legs, sudden and severe headache, balance loss, speech and comprehension difficulties." A stroke is a severe condition that may lead to death and must be treated without delay.

6. Various Traumas

Damage caused by falls, injuries, accidents, gunshot wounds, and sports activities is called trauma. Immediate intervention is required for traumas occurring in the spine and head regions. The neurosurgery department plays a crucial role in treating these conditions.

7. Pediatric Neurosurgical Diseases

The neurosurgery department also deals with brain and nervous system diseases that occur during childhood. These cases, which range from prenatal to 18 years of age, include the following:

    Skull deformities,
    Accumulation of fluid in the brain,
    Increased brain and spinal cord fluid,
    Congenital nervous system disorders,
    Congenital brain hemorrhages,
    Epilepsy and movement disorders,
    Spinal cord tumors,
    Brain tumors,
    Spinal cord and vascular diseases,
    Spinal cord closure defects